Homeassistant接入国家电网用电数据

本文记录了将电网数据接入HA的方法。

项目地址：HomeAssistant 国家电网电费查询：ARC-MX/sgcc_electricity_new

可以帮助将国网的电费、用电量数据接入homeassistant，实现实时追踪家庭用电量情况；并且可以将每日用电量保存到数据库，历史有迹可循。
在homeassistant以实体显示：

实体entity_id 说明
sensor.last_electricity_usage_xxxx 最近一天用电量，单位KWH、度。
sensor.electricity_charge_balance_xxxx 预付费显示电费余额，反之显示上月应交电费，单位元。
sensor.yearly_electricity_usage_xxxx 今年总用电量，单位KWH、度。
sensor.yearly_electricity_charge_xxxx 今年总用电费，单位元。
sensor.month_electricity_usage_xxxx 最近一个月用电量，单位KWH、度。
sensor.month_electricity_charge_xxxx 上月总用电费，单位元。
  • 适用范围
    适用于除广东、广西、云南、贵州、海南等省份的用户外，均可使用本应用获取电力、电费数据。
  • 实现流程
    通过python的selenium包获取国家电网的数据，通过homeassistant的提供的REST API将采用POST请求将实体状态更新到homeassistant。

安装与部署

注册国家电网账户

首先要注册国家电网账户，绑定电表，并且可以手动查询电量，需要手机号和登录密码。
注册网址：https://www.95598.cn/osgweb/login

获取HA token

docker镜像部署

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git clone https://github.com/ARC-MX/sgcc_electricity_new.git
# 如果github网络环境不好的话可以使用国内镜像，完全同步的，个人推荐使用国内镜像
# git clone https://gitee.com/ARC-MX/sgcc_electricity_new.git
cd sgcc_electricity_new

cp example.env .env # 创建环境变量文件
nano .env

参考：

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### 以下项都需要修改
## 国网登录信息
# 修改为自己的登录账号
PHONE_NUMBER="xxx" 
# 修改为自己的登录密码
PASSWORD="xxxx" 
# 排除指定用户ID，如果出现一些不想检测的ID或者有些充电、发电帐号、可以使用这个环境变量，如果有多个就用","分隔，","之间不要有空格
IGNORE_USER_ID=xxxxxxx,xxxxxxx,xxxxxxx

# SQLite 数据库配置
# or False 不启用数据库储存每日用电量数据。
ENABLE_DATABASE_STORAGE=True
# 数据库名，默认为homeassistant
DB_NAME="homeassistant.db"
# COLLECTION_NAME默认为electricity_daily_usage_{国网用户id}，不支持修改。

## homeassistant配置
# 改为你的localhost为你的homeassistant地址
HASS_URL="http://localhost:8123/" 
# homeassistant的长期令牌
HASS_TOKEN="eyxxxxx"

## selenium运行参数
# 任务开始时间，24小时制，例如"07:00”则为每天早上7点执行，第一次启动程序如果时间晚于早上7点则会立即执行一次，每隔12小时执行一次。
JOB_START_TIME="07:00"
# 每次操作等待时间，推荐设定范围为[2,30]，该值表示每次点击网页后所要等待数据加载的时间，如果出现“no such element”诸如此类的错误可适当调大该值，如果硬件性能较好可以适当调小该值
RETRY_WAIT_TIME_OFFSET_UNIT=15


## 记录的天数, 仅支持填写 7 或 30
# 国网原本可以记录 30 天,现在不开通智能缴费只能查询 7 天造成错误
DATA_RETENTION_DAYS=7

## 余额提醒
# 是否缴费提醒
RECHARGE_NOTIFY=Flase
# 余额
BALANCE=5.0
# pushplus token 如果有多个就用","分隔，","之间不要有空格，单个就不要有","
PUSHPLUS_TOKEN=xxxxxxx,xxxxxxx,xxxxxxx

运行：

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运行获取传感器名称
docker-compose up -d
docker-compose logs sgcc_electricity_app

成功的话，日志应该是这样的：

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2025-03-31 16:36:23  [INFO    ] ---- Homeassistant sensor sensor.month_electricity_charge_7787 state updated: 104.52 CNY
2025-03-31 16:36:23  [INFO    ] ---- User xxxxxx3667787 state-refresh task run successfully!
2025-03-31 16:37:43  [INFO    ] ---- Get electricity charge balance for 1601356178519 successfully, balance is 131.3 CNY.
2025-03-31 16:39:19  [INFO    ] ---- Get year power usage for xxxxxx6178519 successfully, usage is 141 kwh
2025-03-31 16:39:19  [INFO    ] ---- Get year power charge for xxxxxx6178519 successfully, yealrly charge is 73.32 CNY
2025-03-31 16:39:34  [INFO    ] ---- Get month power charge for xxxxxx6178519 successfully, 2025-01-01-2025-01-31 usage is 73 KWh, charge is 37.96 CNY.
2025-03-31 16:39:34  [INFO    ] ---- Get month power charge for xxxxxx6178519 successfully, 2025-02-01-2025-02-28 usage is 68 KWh, charge is 35.36 CNY.
2025-03-31 16:39:49  [INFO    ] ---- Get daily power consumption for 1601356178519 successfully, , 2025-03-30 usage is 1.95 kwh.
2025-03-31 16:39:49  [INFO    ] ---- enable_database_storage is true, we will store the data to the database.
2025-03-31 16:40:20  [INFO    ] ---- Database of /data/homeassistant.db created successfully.
2025-03-31 16:40:20  [INFO    ] ---- Table dailyxxxxxx6178519 created successfully
2025-03-31 16:40:20  [INFO    ] ---- Table dataxxxxxx6178519 created successfully
2025-03-31 16:40:20  [INFO    ] ---- The electricity consumption of 1.95KWh on 2025-03-30 has been successfully deposited into the database
2025-03-31 16:40:20  [INFO    ] ---- The electricity consumption of 2.45KWh on 2025-03-29 has been successfully deposited into the database
2025-03-31 16:40:20  [INFO    ] ---- The electricity consumption of 2.77KWh on 2025-03-28 has been successfully deposited into the database
2025-03-31 16:40:20  [INFO    ] ---- The electricity consumption of 1.76KWh on 2025-03-27 has been successfully deposited into the database
2025-03-31 16:40:20  [INFO    ] ---- The electricity consumption of 2.52KWh on 2025-03-26 has been successfully deposited into the database
2025-03-31 16:40:20  [INFO    ] ---- The electricity consumption of 2.1KWh on 2025-03-25 has been successfully deposited into the database
2025-03-31 16:40:20  [INFO    ] ---- The electricity consumption of 2.74KWh on 2025-03-24 has been successfully deposited into the database
2025-03-31 16:40:20  [INFO    ] ---- Check the electricity bill balance, the notification will be sent = False

HA中的显示

样式1

样式2
结合mini-graph-card 和mushroom实现美化效果（在hacs上安装）：

电费不足通知

电费余额不足提醒，在.env里设置提醒余额。目前是用pushplus的方案，注册pushplus，获取token。通知给谁就让谁注册并将token填到.env中。

修改configuration.yaml文件

由于是API方式传递传感器数据，要想重启ha实体ID可用，必须配置如下

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template:
  - trigger:
      - platform: event
        event_type: state_changed
        event_data:
          entity_id: sensor.electricity_charge_balance_xxxx
    sensor:
      - name: electricity_charge_balance_xxxx
        unique_id: electricity_charge_balance_xxxx
        state: "{{ states('sensor.electricity_charge_balance_xxxx') }}"
        state_class: total
        unit_of_measurement: "CNY"
        device_class: monetary

  - trigger:
      - platform: event
        event_type: state_changed
        event_data:
          entity_id: sensor.last_electricity_usage_xxxx
    sensor:
      - name: last_electricity_usage_xxxx
        unique_id: last_electricity_usage_xxxx
        state: "{{ states('sensor.last_electricity_usage_xxxx') }}"
        state_class: measurement
        unit_of_measurement: "kWh"
        device_class: energy

  - trigger:
      - platform: event
        event_type: state_changed
        event_data:
          entity_id: sensor.month_electricity_usage_xxxx
    sensor:
      - name: month_electricity_usage_xxxx
        unique_id: month_electricity_usage_xxxx
        state: "{{ states('sensor.month_electricity_usage_xxxx') }}"
        state_class: measurement
        unit_of_measurement: "kWh"
        device_class: energy

  - trigger:
      - platform: event
        event_type: state_changed
        event_data:
          entity_id: sensor.month_electricity_charge_xxxx
    sensor:
      - name: month_electricity_charge_xxxx
        unique_id: month_electricity_charge_xxxx
        state: "{{ states('sensor.month_electricity_charge_xxxx') }}"
        state_class: measurement
        unit_of_measurement: "CNY"
        device_class: monetary

  - trigger:
      - platform: event
        event_type: state_changed
        event_data:
          entity_id: sensor.yearly_electricity_usage_xxxx
    sensor:
      - name: yearly_electricity_usage_xxxx
        unique_id: yearly_electricity_usage_xxxx
        state: "{{ states('sensor.yearly_electricity_usage_xxxx') }}"
        state_class: total_increasing
        unit_of_measurement: "kWh"
        device_class: energy

  - trigger:
      - platform: event
        event_type: state_changed
        event_data:
          entity_id: sensor.yearly_electricity_charge_xxxx
    sensor:
      - name: yearly_electricity_charge_xxxx
        unique_id: yearly_electricity_charge_xxxx
        state: "{{ states('sensor.yearly_electricity_charge_xxxx') }}"
        state_class: total_increasing
        unit_of_measurement: "CNY"
        device_class: monetary

xxxx是log中的_xxxx后缀。
configuration.yaml在homeassistant配置目录下，也就是docker挂载的目录。
修改后重启ha，就不会出现传感器无效的提示。

在HA当中改变显示样式太复杂了，没学会。电网的数据更新很慢，每天下午才会刷新前一天的数据。发现一个问题，ha的docker一重启数据就没了。（已解决）